Abstract: Gold resources in China are mainly concentrated in Shandong, Gansu, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Henan and Yunnan Provinces, which are mainly composed of placer gold, rock gold and associated gold. China has rich gold resources and is the largest gold producing, consuming and importing country in the world, but it has a high degree of foreign dependence and a large amount of gold consumption depends on imports. It is an important measure to ensure the safety of gold resources to strengthen the research of domestic gold mining technology and realize its efficient and rational development. This paper introduces the distribution and general situation of gold ore resources in China and abroad, summarizes the research status of gold ore beneficiation technology and beneficiation reagents, pretreatment technology of refractory gold ore and wet leaching technology, expounds the salient characteristics of gold ore beneficiation technology, as well as its advantages and limitations. It is expected that cyanide-free leaching process and green and efficient cyanide-free leaching agents will be the development direction of green gold extraction from refractory gold ores, which will provide reference for further research and application of gold extraction technology.