Abstract: Coal gangue is a by-product of the production of coal-associated minerals, and belongs to bulk solid waste material. coal gangue concrete is an important practice for its resource utilization. Carbon neutrality and carbon peaks require all industries to make corresponding plans for the sustainable development of green ecology. In terms of resource utilization of building materials, coal gangue was used as aggregates to develop high-performance concrete, which started a new material innovation in the construction and civil engineering industries. At the same time, it can accelerate the process of carbon neutralization as the backbone of the indispensable treatment of low-carbon resources. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of theoretical and experimental research on the mechanical properties and engineering application of coal gangue concrete, and have made significant progress in improving the performance of coal gangue concrete, engineering practical application and production technology innovation, and established a relatively complete research system. Based on the differences in chemical and physical properties of coal gangue in different regions, this paper elaborates on the mechanical and durability properties of coal gangue concrete prepared with different aggregates, analyzes the feasibility and current research limitations of coal gangue application in civil engineering, and looks forward to the resource utilization prospects of coal gangue as aggregate to prepare new concrete in road engineering and building structures, provide a new perspective and reference for the large-scale recycling and utilization of coal gangue and further research on coal gangue concrete.