矿区林下经济植物种植对根际土壤生物群落特征及理化性质的影响

    Effects of Economic Plants Planting under Forest in Mining Area on Rhizosphere Soil Biological Community Characteristics and Physicochemical Properties

    • 摘要: 这是一篇矿山环境工程领域的论文。为评价离子型稀土矿区林下经济植物种植对根际土壤生物群落特征及理化性质影响,选取何首乌、葛根等7种典型林药经济植物和黑麦草、狼尾草等7种典型林草经济植物为研究对象,开展林下经济植物种植盆栽实验。通过测定植物株高、叶面积、地上/地下部生物量和土壤全磷、全钾、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、有机质、阳离子交换量以及微生物群落组成、丰富度、多样性等指标,综合研究林下经济植物种植对根际土壤生物群落特征及理化性质的影响。结果表明:种植中草药类植物会增加微生物多样性,而种植牧草类会对微生物群落组成产生一定的影响;种植中草药类林下经济植物对土壤肥力有较明显的提高,粉防己最为明显较照对组全氮、碱解氮、有机质、分别提高300.0%、118.5%、825.3%;种植牧草类对土壤肥力影响不明显。通过本文研究表明,种植林下经济植物会对土壤生物群落产生一定的影响,并在一定程度上提高土壤肥力。

       

      Abstract: This is an essay in the field of mining environmental engineering. In order to evaluate the influence of economic plant planting in the mining area on the rhizosphere soil biological community characteristics and physicochemical properties, 7 typical forest medicine economic plants such as Fallopiamultiflora, Puerarialobata, and 7 typical forest grasses such as Perennial ryegrassand Pennisetum were selected. Taking economic plants as the research object, the experiment of planting potted economic plants under forest was carried out. By measuring plant height, leaf area, aboveground/underground biomass and soil total phosphorus, total potassium, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and microbial community composition, richness, diversity and other indicators, To comprehensively study the effects of economic plant planting under forest on the characteristics and physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil. The results showed that planting Chinese herbal plants would increase microbial diversity, while planting forages would have a certain impact on the composition of microbial communities; planting Chinese herbal understory economic plants had a significant improvement in soil fertility, and the most obvious difference was the control. The total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, and organic matter in the group increased by 300.0%, 118.5%, and 825.3%, respectively; planting forages had no obvious effect on soil fertility. The research in this paper shows that planting understory economic plants will have a certain impact on the soil biome and improve soil fertility to a certain extent.

       

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