Abstract: The separation of copper and lead is one of the technical difficulties in complex sulfide ore beneficiation. On the basis of analyzing the general situation of copper-lead sulfide ore resources and the characteristics of mineral composition, this paper comprehensively reviews the main process flow of copper-lead sulfide ore flotation separation at the present stage, summarizes the research on the chemical system and mechanism of copper-lead flotation separation, and points out that the research and development of green and environmentally friendly new targeted flotation reagents, the application of bioleaching technology and potential control flotation technology are the main development directions for improving the separation efficiency of copper and lead and the comprehensive utilization level of resources in the future.