Abstract: Objective Vanadium and chromium resources play a critical role in various industries such as energy, chemicals, aerospace, and alloys. Securing a reliable supply of these resources is extremely crucial for the advancement of the national economy, as well as for national defense and military strength. As the availability of high-quality mineral resources decrease and the necessity for environmentally- friendly resource development increases, the extraction and separation of vanadium and chromium from complex vanadium and chromium resources has become an increasingly pressing issue. Method Currently, there has been a significant research conducted on the separation technology for complex vanadium and chromium resources. Result&Conclusion This article provides a systematic overview of vanadium and chromium mineral resources and secondary resources, as well as vanadium and chromium extraction technology in complex vanadium and chromium resources, and summarizes the principles, methods, advantages and disadvantages of vanadium and chromium separation technology in solution. The current status of the development of several separation techniques such as chemical precipitation, crystallization, extraction, electrochemical methods and ion precipitation flotation and their application prospects are analyzed. Addtionally, suggestions were put forward for the future development direction of vanadium-chromium extraction and separation processes.