Abstract: High-purity quartz sand is a crucial building block for strategically important emergent sectors like semiconductors, photovoltaics, fiber optic communications, and new energy. Its production encounters two technological and resource constraints throughout manufacture. This paper systematically introduces the characteristics of raw ore characteristics of different types of quartz ore and their applicability in the field of high purity quartz, and the distribution of high-purity quartz sand. The occurrence forms of quartz impurity are summarized, including mineral impurities, inclusion impurities and lattice impurities. Focusing on typical impurity removal methods for quartz purification, it elaborates on the characteristics, limitations, and research progress of quartz sand flotation, acid leaching, and heat treatment. Based on the research status of high-purity quartz sand resource exploitation and purification technology, the development trend of high-purity quartz sand purification research is discussed, aiming to provide a reference for the independent industrial production of high-purity quartz sand in China.