某风化粘土型钛矿工艺矿物学研究
Process Mineralogy Study on a Weathered Clay Type Titanium Ore Deposit
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摘要:
为综合回收利用风化残坡积型钛矿中有价金属,探讨钛等有价元素的可回收性,采用传统工艺矿物学研究方法对国内某风化粘土型钛矿的矿石特性进行了系统的研究,并分析了影响选矿工艺的因素,提出了可行的选矿工艺方案。研究结果表明,该矿TiO2品位4.5%,主要含钛矿物为钛铁矿、白钛石和钒钛磁铁矿,矿石含泥量近80%。钛铁矿多为单体,部分氧化蚀变为白钛石,均被粘土矿物包裹或与其连生,钒钛磁铁矿为次要回收矿物,其中包含部分呈固溶体分离的钛铁矿片晶。矿石中钛分散较严重,采用物理选矿分选钛的理论回收率为48%左右,铁理论回收率仅为4%左右。结合矿石特点与工艺矿物学研究结果,该矿石选矿试验可采用“擦洗脱泥-重选-磁选”联合流程,在重选前应采用强力搅拌脱泥以消除“粘结效应”,继而采用重选预先抛尾后再磁选,之后利用强磁选、摇床精选等手段进一步提高精矿品位。该研究为选矿回收该矿床中有价金属提供了方向性指导。
Abstract:In order to comprehensively recover and utilize the valuable metals in the weathered elluvium-deluvial type titanium ore, and to discuss the recyclability of valuable elements such as titanium, the ore characteristics of a weathered clay type titanium ore in China were systematically studied by traditional process mineralogy. In addition, the factors affecting the beneficiation process were analyzed and the feasible experiment flow craft was put forward. The results show that the TiO2 grade of the ore is 4.5%, and the main titanium-bearing minerals are ilmenite, leucoxene, and vanadium titanomagnetite, which are the key target minerals for recovery. The ore contains nearly 80% mud. Ilmenite is mostly monomer, and some of it is changed into leucoxene by oxidation, with both being covered or associated with clay minerals. Vanadium titanomagnetite is a secondary recovered mineral, which contains partly ilmenite flakes separated by solid solution. The titanium in ores is seriously dispersed, the theoretical recovery of titanium separated by physical mineral processing in raw ores is about 48%, and the theoretical recovery of iron is only about 4%. Based on the characteristics of ores and the results of process mineralogy research, the ore dressing test can adopt the combined process of "scrubbing and desliming - gravity separation - magnetic separation". Strong agitation desliming was used to eliminate the "bonding effect" before gravity separation, followed by gravity separation before tail-throwing, and then magnetic separation. After that, strong magnetic separation and shaker selection could be used to further improve the concentrate grade. This study provided a guide for mineral processing to recover the valuable metals from the deposit.
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Keywords:
- Elluvium-deluvial /
- titanium /
- process mineralogy /
- mineral processing
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