格陵兰岛西南部可凡湾稀土矿床地质特征

晁文文; 周家云; 蒋晓丽; 叶亚康; 惠博; 陈伟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.01.002

格陵兰岛西南部可凡湾稀土矿床地质特征

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.01.002

1.
成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川　成都　610059
2.
中国地质调查局稀土资源应用技术创新中心, 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所, 四川　成都　610041

详细信息

作者简介:
晁文文（1997-），女，硕士，研究方向为地质工程

中图分类号: TD981
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-02
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-21

Geological Features of Kvanefield REE Deposit in Southwestern Greenland

1.
School of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
2.
Technology Innovation Center of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, China Geological Survey, Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

摘要

摘要: 可凡湾稀土矿是格陵兰岛世界级大型稀土矿床，位于格陵兰岛西南部加达尔碱性岩省中部。控矿岩体为中元古代伊犁马萨克杂岩体，成矿母岩为钠铁闪石异霞正长岩和霓石异霞正长岩2种钠质碱性岩。矿体受裂隙或层间滑动面控制，有方钠异霞正长伟晶岩脉和钠铁闪石异霞正长岩两种类型，矿石由于矿物组合及赋存形式不同而分为钠铁闪石-钠长石-斯坦硅石型和方钠石-霓石-异性石型等2种类型。斯坦硅石和异性石分别是2种矿石最主要的稀土矿物，斯坦硅石的ω(REO)含量31.5%～44.9%,平均35.9%，以轻稀土为主，含少量重稀土，富含U、Th，易被独居石、铀钍石取代；异性石ω(REO)含量1.41%～1.90%，富含重稀土及Nb、Ta，一部分稀土元素以类质同像形式存在，一部分稀土以极细粒的独居石和斯坦硅石等其他稀土矿物包裹形式存在。伴随碱性杂岩体的多阶段成岩过程，碱性岩浆分别在霓石异霞正长岩阶段发生岩浆热液成矿作用和钠铁闪石异霞正长岩阶段发生岩浆成矿作用，在整体上形成层状-透镜状构造，成岩-成矿模型具有“异源-多幕-同位侵入”的特征。
- 伊犁马萨克 /
- 钠质碱性岩 /
- 稀土 /
- 格陵兰
Abstract: Kvanefield REE deposit is a world-class REE deposit, which is located at the northern margin of the Ilímaussaq complex in the central part of Gardar igneous province, southwestern Greenland. The intrusion controlling ore is the mesoproterozoic Ilimaussaq complex, where two main varieties of metallogenic parent rocks are distinguished, green aegirine lujavrite and black arfvedsonite lujavrite, which all are agpaitic alkaline rocks, defined as a peralkaline nepheline syenit. The ore bodies are controlled by fractures or interlayer-gliding surfaces, which consist of sodalite lujavrite pegmatite veins and layered arfvedsonite lujavrite. According to mineral assemblage and occurrence form, the ores are divided into arfvedsonite-albite- steenstrupine type and sodalite-aegirine-eudialite type. Specifically, steenstrupine and eudialite are the main bearing rare earth element minerals in the two ores. The steenstrupine have varying ω(REO) contents ranging from 31.5% to 44.9%, with an average of 35.9%, and stone LREE, U and Th enrichment, moreover, which are easily replaced by monazite and uranothorite. In addition, eudialyte have stable ω(REO) contents ranging 1.41% to 1.90%, riching HREE, Nb, and Ta. Two mode of rare earth element occurrence are distinguished in eudialyte, isomorphism and other finely mineral inclusions such as monazite and steenstrupine. With alkaline complex multi-stage diagenesis process of rock mass and alkaline magma in aegirine lujavrite stage of magmatic hydrothermal mineralization and arfvedsonite lujavrite stage magma and mineralization, and form tratiform-lenticular structure on the whole, diagenetic-mineralization model has a different source, multi-stage, with an invasion characteristics.
- Ilimaussaq /
- Agpaitic alkaline rocks /
- Rare earth element /
- Greenland

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图 1 钠长石-斯坦硅石型矿石中矿物组成（MLA分析）

Figure 1. Mineral composition of Ab-Ste Ore (Analysed by MLA)

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