Abstract: In order to maintain the stability of production, a gold mine in Gansu Province always adopts high grinding fineness, which has a certain negative impact on tailings damming. Through the exploration of coarse grinding of ore and combined with strong collector, it is found that using amyl xanthate instead of butyl xanthate in the original combination reagent, the grinding fineness was roughened by 5% and the recovery of gold was slightly improved. The laboratory and industrial test results show that the coarse grinding + middlings regrinding process could achieve the flotation indicators of direct fine grinding of the ore. Meanwhile, the fineness of tailings was reduced and the particle size composition was optimized. The loss of gold in tailings was further reduced by replacing butyl xanthate with amyl xanthate and adjusting the ratio of amyl xanthate to MC to 3∶1.