Abstract: The flotation of the graphite ore with fine embedded particle size is difficult to obtain high-grade graphite concentrate. The research on process mineralogy of graphite ores can lay a foundation for the experimental study of washability. This article analyzes the properties of the graphite ore in Jiangxi Province, and finds out the chemical composition, mineral composition, embedding characteristics of main minerals and the occurrence state of carbon and vanadium. The results show that graphite is mainly produced in flake, flake and fine plate shape in the ore. there are two types of graphite independently produced in gangue and graphite connected with pyrite and hematite. Graphite is fine-grained, mostly distributed in 0.013～0.052 mm. The harmful impurity metal minerals are mainly pyrite and hematite, and the gangue minerals with high content are quartz and muscovite. Carbon mostly exists in graphitic carbon, and a small amount of carbon exists in carbonate and carbonaceous substances such as calcite. Vanadium mainly occurs in mica minerals. The detailed process mineralogy research provides a scientific basis for the beneficiation process of graphite ores and the comprehensive recovery and utilization of graphite and vanadium.