Abstract: Heavy metal ions and residual flotation reagents are important components of lead-zinc mineral flotation wastewater. Discharge of the untreated wastewater will pollute the environment, and the direct reuse of it will affect the mineral processing index. Different lead-zinc wastewater contains different kinds and amounts of heavy metal ions and mineral flotation reagents. According to properties and uses of different wastewater, it is necessary to adopt targeted wastewater treatment methods to treat the lead-zinc mineral mining wastewater before it can be reused or discharged, which is the inevitable requirement of green mines with environmental protection and water saving; This paper mainly introduces the basic properties, sources, hazards and treatment methods of lead-zinc wastewater, which has a certain reference and promotion effect for lead-zinc wastewater treatment and development in the later stage.