Abstract: On the basis of studying the mechanical properties and road performance of iron tailings powder mixed into asphalt concrete, the influence of iron tailings powder content on asphalt mortar-aggregate adhesion is analyzed. In addition, TG and DSC tests of asphalt concrete with different iron tailings powder content have been carried out. The results show that the basic physical performance index of asphalt concrete mortar under the action of different iron tailings powder content is comprehensive, and it is obtained that when the iron tailing powder content is 60%, the various indicators of asphalt concrete reach the best value. At this time, the road performance of asphalt concrete can also fully meet the requirements of highway road use. With the increasing content of iron tailings powder, the change law of the contact angle and surface energy of the asphalt mortar and the adhesion work and peeling work showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The maximum value is achieved when the iron tailings powder content is 60%. At the same time, the incorporation of iron tailings powder can effectively improve the heat resistance of asphalt concrete and effectively improve the thermal stability of asphalt concrete.