Abstract: With the continuous strict environmental protection requirements in our country and the fierce competition of zinc smelting enterprises, a reasonable and economical choice of tail gas desulfurization system can greatly enhance the competitiveness of enterprises in the market. This article compares zinc oxide desulfurization with conventional desulfurization technology, systematically analyzes the advantages of zinc oxide desulfurization technology in zinc smelting, points out its problems in actual production, and proposes solutions. The paper provides certain theoretical and practical guidance for zinc oxide desulfurization technology application in zinc smelting enterprises.