Abstract: This is an essay in the field of mineral processing engineering. Aiming at the problem of difficult recovery of ultrafine ilmenite from a concentrator in Panzhihua-Xichang Area, a comparative study of flotation process was carried out. Using direct flotation, desliming flotation, "centrifugal-flotation", "superconducting flotation", "strong magnetic flotation", "suspension vibration-flotation" and other beneficiation processes, the test results show that: direct flotation and desliming flotation processes can not obtain titanium concentrate products with TiO₂ grade greater than 46%. Suspension vibration and high intensity magnetic separation can obtain higher grade preenriched concentrate, which is conducive to the subsequent flotation operation. Centrifugation and superconductivity can obtain higher recovery of preenriched concentrate, which can ensure the effective recovery of ilmenite. But considering that superconducting preenrichment technology industry implementation investment is large, there is no mature industrial case at present; The high intensity magnetic separation and suspended vibration preconcentration process are easy to be industrialized, but the single processing capacity of the suspended vibration separator is limited. Therefore, the optimal flotation process was finally determined to be "strong magnetic flotation", which could obtain the index of titanium concentrate grade of 46.62%, recovery rate of 58.32% in open flotation operation and recovery rate of 43.78% in the whole process.