Abstract: This is an essay in the field of material engineering. In recent years, the new energy has been growing fast than ever. Apparently, in the upcoming future, a large number of lithium iron phosphate batteries will be retired. Out of the need to protect China's strategic mineral resources and reduce environmental pollution, research and development of a green, efficient and sustainable recycling process of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries is urgent. This essay takes the main components and general recycling process of waste lithium iron phosphate battery as the research object and introduces the principle, advantages and disadvantages, and research status of various recovery processes such as pretreatment, cathode material, negative electrode material and electrolyte. On this basis, future perspectives of lithium iron phosphate battery recycling are presented, aiming to provide support for the industrialization and development of the spent lithium iron phosphate battery recycling technology in China.