Abstract: This is an essay in the field of ceramics and composites. In order to improve the utilization rate of rare earth tailings, this study designed and prepared C30 recycled aggregate concrete with rare earth tailings as fine aggregate. The influence of tailing sand content on workability, mechanical properties and durability of recycled aggregate concrete was studied. The results show that C30 and C40 concrete can be prepared by using rare earth tailing sand as fine aggregate to meet the requirements of the standard. With the increase of tailing sand content, the workability of concrete decreases, but the workability of concrete using tailing sand as fine aggregate can meet the requirements of use. With the increase of tailing sand content, the micro-pore structure of concrete becomes densified and the compressive strength is improved. When tailing sand content is 100%, the 28 d compressive strength of concrete is increased by 34.9%. The addition of tailing sand improves the frost resistance and carbonation resistance of concrete.