Abstract: This is an essay in the field of mineral processing engineering. In China, fluorite mainly exists in the form of concomitant deposits. In the flotation process, other useful minerals are usually preferentially floated, and a large amount of fluorite exists in tailings. In this paper, the restrained fluorite and calcite in the floating tungsten tailings are taken as objects, and ultrasonic wave is added to change the floatability of the two, so as to explore a method to optimize the comprehensive utilization level of fluorite in the floating tungsten tailings. After ultrasonic pretreatment of pulp inhibited by sodium humate for 39 min, the flotation recovery of fluorite reached 84.74%, while the flotation recovery of calcite was only 11.47%, with a difference of 73.27%. Exploring the mechanism of ultrasonic pretreatment, it is found that the absorption intensity of sodium humate on the surface of fluorite is lower than that of calcite in the infrared spectrum detection. Ultrasonic pretreatment can desorb the sodium humate on the surface of fluorite, increase the absorption amount of sodium oleate on the surface, and make the zeta potential move forward; In addition, ultrasonic pretreatment mainly affects the content of sodium humate on the mineral surface, but does not affect the content of sodium oleate on the mineral surface. If only sodium humate exists in the slurry system during ultrasonic pretreatment, the sodium humate desorption speed is faster, which is more conducive to adsorbing the sodium oleate added subsequently.