Abstract: The waste lithium ion battery contains a large number of cobalt, copper, aluminum, lithium, manganese, nickel and other metals, and also contains a large number of graphite and other carbonaceous powder. It is difficult to characterize this type of samples by traditional analytical methods. MLA system is mainly used to study the phase composition and valuable metal phases dissemination of a graphite lithium battery waste sample. The results show that the valuable metal phases are mainly lithium nickel-cobalt manganate (NCM) and alumina, and a small amount of lithium nickel-cobalt aluminate (NCA), lithium lithium cobalt oxides (LCO), lithium manganate (LMO) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP). The research results of valuable metal phases dissemination provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of the valuable metal resources in this type of electrode material.