Abstract: The current mining mode of rare earth mines in southern China is still the in-situ leaching mode. For this mining mode, the fractured structures, underground rivers, karst and other unfavorable geological bodies developed underground in the mine will seriously reduce the recovery rate of the leaching liquid. The leaching liquid leaking along the bad geological bodies will cause serious pollution to the environment, so it is of great significance to investigate the development status of the bad underground geological bodies in the mine. Based on the stratum distribution and structural characteristics of the C2 mining area of a rare earth mine in the south, this article first carried out high-density electrical method parameter experiments, selected appropriate measurement parameters and the Wenner-Schlumberg 2 device measurement mode, and completed the high-density of 4 survey lines Electrical measurement; the hidden electrical structure model of the study area is obtained through inversion calculation, the thickness of the weathered layer (stratum rich in rare earth minerals) and the spatial distribution characteristics of the hidden fault structure are delineated, the results are interpreted and the drilling of the study area layout The results are consistent. The exploration results provide important reference materials for the reserve evaluation of ionic rare earth ore, the plugging of seepage channels, and the layout of liquid collection roadways.